United States History Student Edition

Checking For Understanding Answer the questions to see if you understood the topic content.

11. Identifying Where did Catholics build colonies in North America? Where did Protestants build colonies? 12. Explaining Why did Henry Hudson believe he had finally found the Northwest Passage? What had he really found? CRITICAL THINKING 13. Contrasting European nations took different paths when exploring overseas. How did Portuguese efforts to reach Asia differ from Christopher Columbus’s efforts? 14. Analyzing How were Cortés and Pizarro able to defeat the Native American empires? 15. Making Connections How and why did the slave trade in the Americas begin? 16. Identifying Cause and Effect How did the plantation system affect the development of the slave trade? 17. Analyzing Why was the search for the Northwest Passage so important to European explorers? 18. Identifying Cause and Effect Why did King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain agree to finance Columbus’s expedition? 19. Analyzing How did the Columbian Exchange affect the Americas? How did it affect Europe, Asia, and Africa? 20. Making Connections Explain the role and importance of colonies to the European mercantilist system.

IDENTIFY AND EXPLAIN 1. Identify each of the following individuals and briefly explain his contribution to the age of exploration. A. Prince Henry the E. Amerigo Vespucci Navigator B. Christopher F. Ponce de León Columbus C. Hernán Cortés G. Bartolomé de Las Casas D. Bartolomeu Dias H. Henry Hudson REVIEWING KEY FACTS 2. Explaining What did Marco Polo describe in his book Travels ? What effect did his book have on Europeans? 3. Identifying The demand for which goods from China and India led to the growth of trade between Europe and Asia? 4. Making Connections What were some of the technological advancements that paved the way for European voyages of exploration? 5. Explaining What improvements by cartographers led to more accurate maps? 6. Identifying Which Native American empires did Cortés and Pizarro attack and defeat? 7. Identifying Which Portuguese explorer finally found a sea route to Asia? 8. Identifying How did the Pacific Ocean get its name? Who named the Pacific Ocean? 9. Explaining What was the main goal of the Spanish conquistadors in their explorations of the Americas? 10. Explaining Why was bullion important to the mercantilist system?

FLORIDA BENCHMARKS

• SS.8.A.2.1 • SS.8.E.2.2 • ELA.K12.EE.2.1

• SS.8.A.1.3 • SS.8.A.1.5 • SS.8.A.1.7

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