United States History Student Edition

The Land Ordinance of 1785, May 20, 1785 . . . 178 Benjamin Tupper, from a letter to George Washington, October 26, 1785 . . . . . . . 178 Articles 5 and 6, from the Northwest Ordinance, July 13, 1787 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Richard Henry Lee, from a letter to George Washington, July 15, 1787 . . . . . . . . . . 180 “Proceedings of Commissioners to Remedy Defects of the Federal Government, at Annapolis in the State of Maryland, September 11, 1786” . . . 185 The Declaration of Independence . . . . . . . 189 1787 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 George Mason, from “Objections to This Constitution of Government,” September 1787 . . . . . . 193 George Washington, from a letter to Samuel Powel, January 18, 1788 . . . . . . . 196 Oliver Ellsworth, from Letters of a Landholder, No. 3, November 19, 1787 . . . . . . . . . . 196 The Federalist, No. 51, February 8, 1788 . . . . 197 Thomas Jefferson, from a letter to James Madison, February 6, 1788 . . . . . . . . . 198 Mercy Otis Warren, from Observations on the New Constitution , 1788 . . . . . . . . . . . 198 A Concise Guide to the Records of the State Ratifying Conventions as a Source of the Original Meaning of the U.S. Constitution . . . . . . . . . . 200 Thomas Jefferson, from “Virginia Statute of Religious Liberty,” 1777 . . . . . . . . . . 204 Sandra Day O’Connor, from an interview June 9, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Thomas Jefferson, from a letter to Charles Yancey, January 1816 . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 Thomas Jefferson, from a letter to James Madison, December 20, 1787 . . . . . . . . 213 The First Amendment, from the Constitution of the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 TOPIC 6 George Washington, from his Farewell Address, 1796 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .246 Thomas Jefferson, from his first Inaugural Address, March 4, 1801 . . . . . . . . . . . 251 Alexander Hamilton, from “Purchase of Louisiana,” the New York Evening Post, July 5, 1803 . . . 261 Oliver Hazard Perry, from a message to William Henry Harrison, September 10, 1813 . . . . 268 Black Hoof, from an address to Thomas Jefferson, February 5, 1802 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 Thomas Jefferson, from a letter to Congress, January 18, 1803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272 Benjamin Franklin, from a speech to the Constitutional Convention, September 17,

Black Hawk, from Autobiography of Ma-ka-tai- me-she-kia-kiak, or Black Hawk, 1833 . . . .273 Red Jacket, from “Indian speech, delivered before a gentleman missionary, from Massachusetts, by a chief, commonly called by the white people Red Jacket,” 1805 . . . . 274 Tecumseh, from a speech to William Henry Harrison, August 20, 1810 . . . . . . . . . 274 William Henry Harrison, from a letter to William Eustis, August 22, 1810 . . . . . . . . . . .275 Tecumseh, from a speech to the Choctaw and the Chickasaw, 1811 . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 “To James Madison from the Inhabitants of Knox County, Indiana Territory,” c. July 31, 1811 . . .276 The Monroe Doctrine, December 2, 1823 . . . 287 Francis Scott Key, from “Defence of Fort M’Henry” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 Washington Irving, from “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow,” 1820 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292 James Fenimore Cooper, from The Pioneers , 1823 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .293 Samuel White, from “Objections to Annexation by United States Senators,” 1803 . . . . . . 297 TOPIC 7 “The Banks of the Sacramento” . . . . . . . 300 Andrew Jackson, from the United States Senate Historical Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . .307 John C. Calhoun, from The History, Civil, Political and Military, of the Southern Rebellion, 1861 . . . 307 Andrew Jackson, from The Young Readers Memorial Edition of John F. Kennedy’s Profiles in Courage . . . . . . . . . . . . 310 George Hawkins, from Niles’ Weekly Register, 1832 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 John Marshall, from Worcester v. Georgia , 1832 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 Andrew Jackson, from “Worcester v. Georgia (1832),” New Georgia Encyclopedia . . . . . 312 Osceola, from The Origin, Progress, and Conclusion of the Florida War, 1848 . . . . . 314 Lewis Cass, from “Removal of the Indians,” The North American Review, 1830 . . . . . . 318 Andrew Jackson, “To the Cherokee Tribe of Indians East of the Mississippi,” 1835 . . . . . . . . . 318 Memorial of the Ladies of Steubenville, Ohio, Protesting Indian Removal, February 15, 1830 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 John Ross, from History of the Indian Tribes of North America, 1855 . . . . . . . . . . .320 John G. Burnett, from “The Cherokee Removal Through the Eyes of a Private Soldier,” 1890 . 320 Table of Contents xiii