United States History Student Edition

08 Reviewing: The English Colonies Are Settled and Grow

Summary

New England Colonies

Middle Colonies Southern Colonies

Geography and Resources

• Coastal plains: tobacco, indigo, rice grown using the labor of enslaved people • Backcountry: small family farms • Few good ports; ship cash crops, enslaved persons

• Long winters and rocky soils supported subsistence farming. • Inland towns developed on rivers. • Coastal towns developed as centers of whaling, fishing, shipbuilding, shipping, and trade.

• Woodlands • Wheat and other cash crops • Livestock • Home-based crafts

• Ironworks • Shipping

• Jamestown (Virginia) founded 1607 • Maryland founded 1634 • Carolina founded 1663 • South Carolina » Tobacco production in Virginia

Founded

• New Amsterdam captured by England in 1664, becomes New York • New Jersey split off from New York 1664 • Pennsylvania founded 1680 • Delaware split off from Pennsylvania 1701

• Plymouth founded 1620 • Massachusetts Bay founded 1630 • Connecticut founded 1636 • Rhode Island founded 1636 • New Hampshire founded 1638

breaks off from the rest of Carolina 1719

• Georgia founded 1733

» Thomas Hooker founds Connecticut, 1636

(l)North Wind Picture Archives/Alamy Stock Photo; (r)The Granger Collection, New York

101

The English Colonies Are Settled and Grow