United States History Student Edition

Summary Reviewing First Governments and the Constitution 09 U.S. CONSTITUTION: BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT AND CIVIL RIGHTS ARTICLE I of the Constitution ARTICLE II of the Constitution ARTICLE III of the Constitution The Bill of Rights Establishes the legislative branch Establishes the judicial branch

Establishes the executive branch Electoral College chooses the president and vice president Powers include directing foreign policy, naming ambassadors, and negotiating treaties with other nations President serves as commander in chief of the armed forces

Ratified in 1791 Includes the first 10 amendments Protects individual rights Includes freedom of speech and the press; freedom to assemble in groups and to protest; the right to bear arms; the right to a speedy and public trial by jury; the right to be free from unreasonable searches by the government; and freedom from “cruel and unusual” punishments

Sets up two chambers of Congress: Senate and House of Representatives Powers include coining money, regulating interstate and foreign trade, maintaining the armed forces, and creating federal courts Includes a “necessary and proper clause” that grants implied powers

Sets up the Supreme Court and the federal court system Supreme Court has the power of judicial review Members are nominated by the president and approved by Congress

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