United States History Student Edition

10 Reviewing Life in the North and the South

Summary

LIFE IN THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH

THE NORTH IN THE MID-1800S

THE SOUTH IN THE MID-1800S

• A few Southern cities expanded and grew. • Economy remained dominated by agriculture. • Cotton became a major cash crop due to the invention of the cotton gin in the late 1700s. • The South continued the practice of slavery. • Population of enslaved African Americans grew. • Enslaved African Americans faced cruel and brutal treatment. • Enslaved African Americans rebelled in different ways. • Limited industry developed. • Some white Southerners owned plantations. • Others were yeoman or tenant farmers. • Free African Americans faced discrimination.

• Several Northern cities expanded and grew. • Industry became a major part of the economy. • The North ended the practice of slavery. • Young women often worked in textile mills. • Factory workers faced difficult conditions. • Workers organized unions to fight for rights. • Changes to transportation included railroads and clipper ships. • Changes to communication included the telegraph. • Changes to agriculture included the reaper, thresher, and steel-tipped plow. • The American Party opposed immigration

from Ireland and other nations. • Free African Americans faced discrimination.

(l)National Park Service; (r)MPI/Archive Photos/Getty Images

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