United States History Student Edition

TOPIC ACTIVITIES

FLORIDA SKILLS BENCHMARKS

Apply What You Have Learned

• SS.8.A.5.1

• SS.8.A.1.6 • SS.8.A.4.6 • SS.8.A.4.11

• SS.8.A.1.1 • SS.8.A.1.3 • SS.8.A.1.4

A Understanding Multiple Perspectives

“ With us, every branch and pursuit in life, every trade, profession, and occupation is dependent upon the North; for instance, the Northerners, abuse and denounce slavery and slaveholders, yet our slaves are clothed with northern manufactured goods, have northern hats and shoes, work with northern hoes, ploughs and other implements, are chastised with a northern made instrument, are working for northern more than southern profit. . . . [A]s [the slaveholder] walks, rides, sleeps, loafs, lounges, or works, he is surrounded with articles of northern origin. The aggressive acts upon his rights and his property arouse his resentment—and on northern made paper, with a northern pen, with northern ink, he resolves and re-resolves in regard to his rights! In northern vessels his products are carried to market; his cotton is ginned with northern gins; his sugar is crushed and prepared by northern machinery; his rivers are navigated by northern steamboats; his mails are carried in northern stages. ” —from Huntsville Advocate , quoted in Wetumpka Daily State Guard , April 6, 1849

During the mid-1800s, the differences between the North and the South grew deeper. Inventions in transportation and industry, as well as increased immigration, led to dramatic economic and social changes in the North. As Northern towns and cities grew rapidly, the South’s economy was based on growing cash crops for export. People in the North and South had differing opinions about many issues, including slavery and industry. ACTIVITY Creating a Web Page About Northern and Southern Differences Read the excerpt from an editorial that appeared in a newspaper in Huntsville, Alabama, in the 1840s. It presents one perspective of how Southerners viewed Northerners at this time. Then, using your textbook and other sources, research other differences between the North and the South in the mid-1800s. Work with a partner to create a web page that compares and contrasts Northern and Southern life during this time period. Include text, along with photographs or other images, and highlight differences between how people lived in both regions and their views regarding the lifestyles of residents of the other region. Throughout the 1800s, new inventions changed the way people in the United States and around the world lived and worked. Innovations such as the mechanical reaper affected farm work. New manufacturing machines changed how textiles and other goods were produced. The steamboat improved travel and the shipping of goods. All of these changes and others were part of the first wave of the Industrial Revolution. Understanding Chronology B

ACTIVITY Creating a Time Line of Industrial Growth in the Northern United States Research and list important events related to the growth of industry, especially in the northern United States. Include changes to transportation and communication, the invention of new farm and factory equipment, and other events that were important during the early and mid-1800s. Create a time line that shows six to eight events in chronological order, including months and years. Include short explanations of the significance of each event.

Barnard, Frederick Augustus Porter. Quoting an Alabama newspaper in "An Oration Delivered Before the Citizens of Tuscaloosa, Ala., July 4th, 1851." Tuscaloosa: J.W. & J.F. Warren, 1851.

Life in the North and the South 407