United States History Student Edition

Shawnee people • Supreme Court

Northern states banning, 188; Northwest Territory, prohibited in, 175; political conflict over, 421–23; Portugal’s trade in, 43–44; Quakers antislavery society, 184; regional differences in, 412; during Revolutionary War, 148; role in country’s history, 412; slave badges, p392 ; slave codes, 384; in Southern colonies, 90–92; Southern economy dependent on, 377; in Southern states, 188, 381–82, 412, 476; Thirteenth Amendment, c478 , 481; Three- Fifths Compromise, 187–88; Underground Railroad, 385, p394 , 419; United States Constitution, 200; in Virginia colony, 100; Wilmot Proviso, 421

Shawnee people : Black Hoof, q272 ; homes of, 2, p2 ; Tecumseh, ptg266, q274, ptg275, q275 , 302; Treaty of Greenville, 245; War of 1812, 268; Washington’s treaties with, 245 Shays, Daniel , 183–84, ptg183 Shays’s Rebellion , c170, 183–84, ptg18 3, 238 shelters . See homes, Native American. Sherman, Roger , 131, 187, ptg187 Sherman, William Tecumseh , 460, 462 Shiloh , 434–35, m435 shipbuilding , 40, p40 , 89–90, ptg89 , 96, 109 Shoshone people , 18; Sacagawea, 256, ptg256 siege , 460 Sierra Nevada , 18 Silk Road , m38 silver , 49 Singer, Isaac, 362 Six Essential Elements of Geography , HT28, cHT28 Sky Women , 7 Slater, Samuel , 278, 359 slave codes , 92, 384, 476 Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States From Interviews With Former Slaves , q492, q494 slavery : in 1860s, m413 ; African trade, 41; black codes, 384; in colonial Georgia, 88; Compromise of 1850, 422–23, m422 , 476, ptg476 ; cotton gin impacting, 378, 412, p412 ; differing views on, 358–59; domestic slave trade, 379; Dred Scott v. Sandford, 204, 424–25, p425 , 437, 476; in early colonies, 65, ptg65 , 67; Emancipation Proclamation, c414 , 437–38, 439, q442, ptg443 , 474, 477; Equiano, Olaudah, ptg65 ; freeman, p463 ; Free-Soil Party, 422; Fugitive Slave Act, 422–23; Harpers Ferry, 426; importation of enslaved people, 184; indigo growing, 87; Kansas-Nebraska Act, m422 , 423, 476–77; late 1700s and early 1800s, 358; Lincoln-Douglas debates, 425–26, ptg426 ; in Maryland colony, 86; in Mississippi Territory, 175; Missouri Compromise, c240 , 286, 421, 476; Negro Laws, 384; in New Spain, 48; in New York colony, 82; in Northern states, 412;

Southern colonies , m86, m109 ; agriculture, 109; backcountry region, 91; enslaved labor of, 358–59; establishment of, 85–88, 108; plantations in, 90–92; during Revolutionary War, 150–51, m151 ; slavery in, 90–92, 109; Tidewater region, 91. See also specific colonies. Southern Cotton Kingdom , 377–79, 416 Southern Democrats , 427, m428 Southern Hemisphere , HT29 Southern states : after Civil War, 475, p475 , 479; agriculture in, 538; Baltimore, 385; carpetbaggers, 485–86; cotton production, 279, 377–79, m378 , 488–89; domestic slave trade, 379; education in, 386; free African American communities, 385, ptg386 ; industry in, 379– 80; military districts, c478 , 483; “New South,” 488–89; Northern states regional differences, 412–13; plantation owner, 381–82; rural poor, 381–82; scalawags, 485–86; secession of, 422, 427–29, m430 , 477; sectionalism, 284; segregation, c478 ; slave based economy in, 188, 412, 476; states’ rights, 428; tariff debate, 307; tenant farmer, 381; urbanization, 385–86; yeomen, 381. See also Confederate States of America; Reconstruction Era. South Street Seaport , ptg279 Southwestern region : geography of, 4; Native American homes in, 2, p2 ; Native American peoples in, m5 , 18–19. See also specific states. Spain : Adams-Onís Treaty, 323–24, 327–28; Britain at war with, 144, 151; economy (in 1500s and 1600s), 49; explorations by, 32, ptg32 , 45–48, m46 , 66–67; Florida, 327; Gálvez, Bernardo de, 151; Louisiana Territory, 254; military of, 51; Monroe Doctrine, 287; New Spain colonies, 47–48, 67, 168; Oregon Country, 323; Pinckney’s Treaty, Spanish Armada , p50 , 51 special-purpose maps , HT31–HT32 spice s, 37, m38 , 41 spies, during Civil War, 447 spinning jenny , ptg277, 359 Spirit of Laws, The (Baron de Montesquieu) , 190 246; relations with, 238; Spanish Armada, p50 , 51

spoils system , 307, 582 Squanto , 73 Stamp Act , c110 , 116, p116 , 117, 122, crt123 Stamp Act Congress , 116–17 Standing Rock reservation , 30 Standing Rock Sioux Tribe v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (July 27, 2016) , q30 Stanton, Edwin , 483–84 Stanton, Elizabeth Cady , 395, ptg395 Starkweather, Joseph Blaney , p349 “Star-Spangled Banner, The,” ptg235 , 269, p291 starving time , 76 State Department , 241 state government, powers of , 190, c191 State of the Union speech , p192 states’ rights : Kentucky Resolutions, statues, by Olmec people , 11, p11 Statute for Religious Freedom , 204 St. Augustine, Florida , cHT4 , 47, m48, 327 St. Clair, Arthur , 245 steamboats , 280–81, 302, 362, 504–5 steel-tipped plow , c360 , 365 Steuben, Baron von , 146, ptg146 Stewart, Maria , 418 St. Lawrence River , c36 , 52, 54 St. Leger, Barry , 144 Stowe, Harriet Beecher , ptg403 Strauss, Levi , 342 strikes : in mid-1830s, 368 Stuart, Gilbert , ptg246 Stuyvesant, Peter , 82 sub-arctic region : geography of, 4; Native American peoples in, m5 , 17–18 subsistence farming , 89 Suffolk Resolves , 127 suffrage . See African Americans; voting rights; women’s rights and suffrage. Sugar Act , 116, 117 Summerlin, Jacob , p328 Sumner, Charles , 423 supply and demand , HT24 Supreme Court: Barrett, Amy Coney, 208; building, p242; checks and balances, 203, c203 ; Constitutional interpretations, 206, 208; establishment of, 190–91, 242; Jay, John, 242; under John Marshall, 252; judicial review, 208–9; nationalism and, 285; Index A69 250; Southern states, 428; Virginia Resolutions, 250

Slidell, John , 333 smallpox , ptg57 , 67 Smith, Jedediah , 324 Smith, John , 70, 77 Smith, Joseph , ptg343 Smith Farm , p381 social reformmovements :

educational reforms, 394–95; temperance, 394 social structure : of Aztec people,

13; of Inca people, 12; of Iroquois people, 19–20; of Mayan people, 12;

of New Spain, 48 social studies , HT23, cHT23 Society of Friends . See Quakers. soldier’s perspective of Revolutionary War , 156 Some Account of the Capture of the Ship Aurora (Philip Freneau) , q157 Songhai Empire , 43 “Song of Myself,” Leaves of Grass (Walt Whitman) , q402 Sons of Liberty , 116, 130 Sotomayor, Sonia , 208 South America : exploration of, 46; Incan people, 13; maize (corn) in, 10, 53, 55 South Carolina : election of 1876, 488; legislature, post-Civil War, ptg485 ; Nullification Act, 308; secession of, 427–28, m430 , 477 South Carolina colony , c68, m86 Southeastern region : geography of, 5; Native American peoples in, m5 , 19–20 South East View of the Great Town of Boston in New England in America (William Burgis) , ptg96 Southeast Woodland region , 2, p2