United States History Student Edition

human/environment interaction • land bridge

J Jackson, Andrew , ptg287 , 305–9, ptg307, crt353 ; Battle of Horseshoe Bend, 268; Battle of New Orleans, 270, ptg270 , 303; dueling , ptg301 ; First Seminole War, 287, 314; presidency of, c304, ptg305 ; Second Bank of the United States, 308–9, crt308 ; Texas, 331 Jackson, Thomas “Stonewall,” 436, 457 Jamaica , 45 James I, king of England , 70 Jamestown Colony , m109 ; founding of, cHT4, c68 , 70, ptg70 , 108, 168; headright, 70; John Rolfe, 70, 71; John Smith, 70, 71, 77; Pocahontas, 70, 71, ptg71 ; starving time, 76; tobacco, 70, ptg79 , 108 Japan : Pearl Harbor, HT11 Jay, John : Chief Justice, 242; Constitutional Convention, 193; First Continental Congress, 127; human nature, q197 ; Jay’s Treaty, 246; Treaty of Paris, 153, ptg153 Jay’s Treaty , 246 Jefferson, Thomas , HT8, pHT8, ptg247 ; Alien and Sedition Acts, 250; Barbary pirates, 265; Constitutional Convention, 239; Declaration of Independence committee, 131, 169; education, q210 ; election of 1800, m250 , 251; Inaugural Address, 251; Lewis and Clark expedition, 236, ptg236, ptg255 , 256; Louisiana Purchase, 255–56, p255 , 302; Monticello, p251 ; Native Americans in the West, q272; neutral rights, 266; opposing national bank, 244; as President, c240 , 251–52; ratifying Constitution, 198; Republican Party, 247; Republican Party (Democratic- Republicans), 248, 302; Second Continental Congress, 130; Secretary of State, 241, ptg241 ; Statute for Religious Freedom, q204 John, king of England , 92 John II, king of Portugal , 41 Johnson, Andrew : Civil Rights Act of 1866, 482; elections of 1866, 482–83; Fourteenth Amendment, 482–83; impeachment of, c478 , 483–84; p484 , presidency of, 481 Jews : in New York colony, 82 Jim Crow laws , 489

359, 378, 412, p412 ; factories, 278, 367–68; interchangeable parts, 278; Lowell, Francis Cabot, 278; phases of industrialization, 361–62; Slater, Samuel, 278, 359; in Southern states, 379–80; technology, 277–79; textile industry, c240 , 277–79, 359, 361–62, 367–68, 378, 379–80, 412, p412, 538; water frame, 277; work conditions, 367–68 America, 80 inferences, HT22 inflation, during Civil War, 449; during Revolutionary War, 147 categorizing, HT21; comparing and contrasting, HT21; drawing conclusions, HT22; finding main ideas, HT20; making generalizations, HT21; making inferences, HT22; predicting, HT22; sequencing events, HT20 Infortunate, The (WilliamMoraley) , q98 innovation , 361 interchangeable parts , 278 Internet , HT15–HT16 interpret history : ancient history versus modern values, HT19; cause and effects, HT18; continuity and change, HT18; different interpretations, HT18– HT19; error and chance in, HT18; logical connections, HT18; time and place, HT17–HT19 interstate commerce clause , 285 Intolerable Acts , 120, ptg120 , 169 infant mortality , in colonial information, analyzing: inventions . See technology. Iraq-Afghanistan War , g411 Ireland : famine, c360 , 370; immigrants from, c360 , 370, ptg371 , 539 Ironclads , 434, ptg434 Iroquois League (Confederacy) : beliefs of, 7; establishment of, c6 ; farming by, 19; in French and Indian War, 112; government of, 19–20; Great Law of Peace, 19; social structure of, 19–20; women, role in society in, 19–20 irrigation: of Hohokam people, 16; of Hopi, Acoma, and Zuni people, 18 Isabella, queen of Spain , 45, 67 Islam : rise of, 34, 37. See also Muslims. isolation, Western European , 37 Italy : explorations by, ptg32 , ptg33 Inuit people , 17, p17 Inupiat people , 17

human/environment interaction , HT28 human sacrifices , by Aztec people, 13 human systems , cHT28 Huntsville Advocate , q379 Huron people , 19 Hutchinson, Anne, 74 I Ice Age, land bridges , 8, m8 igloos , 17 ILGWU . See International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union (ILGWU). Illinois: Northwest Territory , m174 ; senate race of 1858, 425–26 Imago Mundi, p34 immigrants/immigration : Germany, 370; from Ireland, c360 , 370, ptg371 ; in mid-1800s, g370 ; percentage of population, g370 immunity, 47 impeachment : of Johnson, Andrew, c478 implied powers , 248 impressment , 246, ptg265 , 266 Inaugural Address : Jefferson, Thomas, 251; Lincoln, Abraham, q468 Inca Empire , 13, 47, 67 Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (Harriet Jacobs) , q391 indentured servants : in American colonies, q98 ; in Virginia colony, 85 Jackson and, 311–12, q318 ; Davy Crockett opposing, 331; Florida and the Seminole, 314–15; Trail of Tears, 301, p301 ; tribes involved, g301 ; wagon trains, ptg253 Indian Territory , 315–16, m316 indigenous people , 17. See also Native Americans. indigo , 87 individual rights , 204. See also Bill of Rights. industrialization : factories, 278, 359, 362; machines, 362; mass production, 362; of “New South,” 488; three phases of, 361–62; Industrial North. See Northern states. Industrial Revolution : child labor, 368; cotton gin, c240 , 277, 279, Independence Day , 132 India , 37, m38 , 41, m42 Indiana , m174 Indian peace medals , p273 Indian Removal Act : Andrew

Johnston, Albert Sidney , 435 joint-stock company , 70 Joliet, Louis , ptg53 , 54 Jones, Absalom , 369 Jones, John Paul , 150, ptg150 judicial branch : checks and balances, 190–91, 203, c203 ; establishment of, 242; Judiciary Act of 1789, 242; jurisdiction, 252; under New Jersey Plan, c186 , 239; organization of, 208–9, c211 ; principles of judicial review, 252; separation of powers, 203; under Virginia Plan, c186 , 239 Judiciary Act of 1789 , 242 Judiciary Act of 1801 , 252 jurisdiction , 252 K Kagan, Elena , 208 Kalapuya people , 25 Kansas : Bleeding Kansas, 423, ptg423 ; Exodusters, 489–90, p491, 495; statehood of, 423 Kansas-Nebraska Act , c414, m422 , 423, 476–77 Kaskaskia , 149, 151, m151 kayaks , 17, p17 Kearney, Stephen , 334 Keckley, Elizabeth Hobbs , q455 Keller, George , 348 Kentucky : Boone, Daniel, 280; as border state, 430; statehood, 282, 302 Kentucky Resolutions , 250 Key, Francis Scott , 269, p291, ptg291 King, Boston , q156 King Philip’s War , 74 Kip, Leonard , 348 Know-Nothing Party , 370, 375, 376 Knox, Henry , 241, ptg241 Kongo kingdom , 43, m44 Korean War , military deaths in, g411 Kościuszko, Thaddeus , 146 Kublai Khan , 38 Ku Klux Klan , 475, crt475 , 486, 487, 492 L Lafayette, Marquis de , 146, 152 laissez-faire , 309 Lake Erie naval forces , 268 Lancaster, PA , c171 Land Act of 1800 , 175 land bridge , 8, m8 Index A63