United States History Student Edition

revenue • Shaw, Robert Gould

drawings, ptg96 ; magazines, 264; maps, m58, m263, m441 ; paintings, 260; population statistics, c80 Second Bank of the United States , 284, 308–9, crt308 Second Continental Congress , 130, 172, p172 Second Great Awakening , 393–94, ptg393 Second Reconstruction Act , 483 Secretary of State : Adams, John Quincy, 286; Jefferson, Thomas, 241, ptg241 ; Webster, Daniel, 307, 309 Secretary of Treasury : Gallatin, Albert, 251–52; Hamilton, Alexander, 241, 243–45 Secretary of War , Knox, Henry, 241, p241 Sectional divisions , 423–24 sectionalism , 284–86 sedition , 249–50, c249 segregation : Jim Crow laws, 489; in Northern states in mid-1800s, 369; Plessy v. Ferguson, 489, 490; in the South, c478 self-emancipation , 438 Seminole people , Bowlegs, Billy, 315; g301 ; farming culture, 311, ptg311 ; in Florida, 287; resisting removal, 314–15 Seminole Wars , c304 , 315 semi-nomadic people , 10 Senate : African Americans in, during Reconstruction, 486; Great Compromise, 187; Johnson’s impeachment trial, ptg484 ; legislative branch, 191, 192, p192 ; number of representatives in, p207 , 208; Revels, Hiram , ptg486 ; six-year terms, p201 , 208 Seneca Falls Convention , c360 , 395–96, ptg396 , 583 Seneca people , 19, 112, q274 “Sentiments of an American Woman, The” (Esther De Berdt Reed) , q158 separation of powers , 203 Separatists , in England, 71 sequencing events , HT20 Serapis , 150, ptg150 series , 460 The Serpent Mound (Ohio) , p14 “Seven Cities of Cíbola,” 45 Seven Days’ Battles , 436 Seven Years’ War . See French and Indian War. sewing machine , 362 Seymour, Horatio , 484 sharecropping , 487, 488, p489 Shaw, Robert Gould , 458

revenue , 116 Revere, Paul , ptg118 , 128 revivals , 393–94 Revolutionary War , 131, m142 ;

rural poverty , 381–82 Rush-Bagot Agreement , 286 Russwurm, John B. , ptg368 , 369, ptg417 S Sacagawea , 256, ptg256 sacred elixir (chocolate) , 3, p3 Sagres, Portugal , 41 Sahara trade routes , 42–44, m44 Said, Edward , pHT3 , qHT3 sailors , in 1400s, 32 Saint-Domingue , 254 Saint Domingue revolt , 154 Salem, Peter , 143 Samoset , 73 Sampson, Deborah , 141 San Antonio , 330 Sand Hills of the Platte Valley (W. H. Jackson) , ptg335 San Francisco, Gold Rush , 342, p342, ptg342, ptg345 , 346 San Jacinto , 330–31 Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez de , 329, 330–31 Santa Fe, NewMexico , m48 , 331, 334 Santa Fe Trail , mHT25 , 324, 331, m332 , 334 Santa María , ptg32, ptg45 Sauk people , 245 Savannah, GA : establishment of, 88; during Revolutionary War, 150, m151 scalawags , 485–86 school of navigation , 41 science : history and, HT7–HT8; Maria Mitchell, ptg357 ; mid- 1800s, 357; during Renaissance, 38; at school of navigation, 41 Scott, Dred , 204, 424–25, p425, 437, 476 Scott, Harriet Robinson , p425 Scott, Winfield , 313, 334 “The Scourged Back” (McPherson & Oliver) , p389 secession : Alabama, 428, m430 ; Arkansas, 429, m430; Federalists plot to, 256–58; Florida, 428, m430 ; Georgia, 428, m430 ; Louisiana, 428, m430 ; Mississippi, 428, m430 ; North Carolina, 429, m430 ; South Carolina, 427–28, m430 ; Tennessee, 429, m430 ; Texas, 428, m430 ; Virginia, 429, m430 secondary sources , HT13; charts, 182; circle graphs, 443; documents, 442; drawing, 443;

on, 159; Marion, Francis (Swamp Fox), 151; McCauley, Mary Ludwig (Molly Pitcher), 141, ptg141 ; mercenaries, 130, 140; military deaths in, g411 ; minutemen, 128, p129 ; Miralles, Juan de, 146–47; Native Americans in, 149–50; Newburgh Conspiracy, 153–54; Olive Branch Petition, 130; paper currency, 147, p147 ; Patriots, 129, 139–40; Prescott, Samuel, 128; privateers, 150; Pulaski, Casimir, 146; questioning freedoms, 147–48; of Revere, Paul, 128; Salem, Peter, 142–43; Savannah, GA, 150, m151 ; at sea, 150; Second Continental Congress, 130; soldier’s perspective of, 156; in the South, 150–51, m151 ; Spain declaring war on Britain, 144, 151; Stamp Act, c110, 116, 117, 122, crt123 ; Steuben, Baron von training troops, 146, ptg146 ; Sugar Act, 116, 117; surrender of Cornwallis, ptg152 , 153; Tea Act, 119, 124, 125; Treaty of Paris, c110 , 153, ptg153 , 169, m169 ; Valley Forge, 145–46, ptg145 ; p146 , Vincennes, 150, 151, m151 ; Washington Crossing the Delaware River (Emanuel Leutz), ptg143 ; wilderness fighting, 154; women’s perspectives of, ptg155 , 158 Rhode Island : enslaved people in, 184; ratifying Constitution, c170 ; state constitutions, 172 Rhode Island colony , m74 ; m109 ; African American regiment, 143; establishment of, 74, 108 rice , 53, 90–92 Richmond , 462, p475 , ptg479 Rihlah (Ibn Battuta) , 35 Rio Grande , 54 Roanoke Island , 64, ptg64 , c68 , 69, 108 Rochambeau, Comte de , 152 Rocky Mountains : French explorers in, 54; geography of, 4; Native people of, 18 Rolfe, John , 70, 71 Roman Empire , c36 Rome, Georgia , ptg 380 Ross, John , 313, 320 royal colonies , 54; Maryland colony, 86; New Jersey colony, 83; North Carolina colony, 87, 108; South Carolina colony, 87, 108; Virginia colony, 70 Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom (William and Ellen Craft) , q388

advantages of, 140, 153–54; African American, 142–43; African American’s perspective of, 156, 160; American victory, 153–54; Appalachian Mountains, west of, 149–50, m151 ; Arnold, Benedict, 129; Attucks, Crispus, 118, ptg118 ; Battle of Bunker Hill, ptg105 , 129; Battle of Lexington and Concord, c110 , 128–29, m128 , 169; Battle of Long Island, 142; Battle of Monmouth, 141; Battle of Princeton, 143; Battle of Saratoga, c110 , 144; Battle of Trenton, 143; Battle of Yorktown, c110 , m151 , 152, ptg152 , 169; Bonhomme Richard, 150, ptg150 ; Boston Massacre, ptgHT20 , c110 , 118, ptg118 , 168–69; Boston Tea Party, 119–20, 125, ptg125 , 169; Brandywine and Paoli battles, 144; Breed’s Hill, ptg105 ; Britain’s advantages, 139–40; British evacuating Boston, 130, ptg130 ; Charles Town (Charleston), 150, m151 ; Clark, George Rogers, 149–50, ptg149 , m151 ; Clinton, Henry, 150, m151 ; Coercive Acts, 120, ptg120 , 127; Common Sense (Paine, Thomas), p131 , q131 ; Continental Army, 106, 139–40, ptg139 ; Cornwallis, Charles, 150–51, m151 ; Cowpens battle, 151, m151 ; Dawes, William, 128; Declaration of Independence, cHT4 , c110 , 131–32, 169, 238, ptg238 ; economy during, 147; espionage during, c107 , ptg107 ; fighting in the West, 149–50, m151 ; First Continental Congress, c110 , 127; Fort Ticonderoga, 129; France aiding, 144, 152; Franklin, William, ptg140 ; Gage, Thomas, 128; Greene, Nathanael, 151; Green Mountain Boys, 144; Guilford Courthouse, 151; Hale, Nathan, 142; Hamilton, Alexander, 153; Hessians, 130, 140; hit-and-run technique, 151; inflation, 147; Intolerable Acts, 120, ptg120 , 169; Kaskaskia, 149, 151, m151 ; Kościuszko, Thaddeus, 146; Lafayette, Marquis de, 146; life on the home front, 147–48; Loyalists, 129, 140, ptg140 , 148, ptg148 ; Loyalists’ perspective

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